Linux server1.hosting4iran.com 4.18.0-553.123.2.el8_10.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu May 7 15:28:41 EDT 2026 x86_64
LiteSpeed
Server IP : 185.208.174.156 & Your IP : 216.73.216.67
Domains : 318 Domain
User : satitravel
Terminal
Auto Root
Create File
Create Folder
Localroot Suggester
Backdoor Destroyer
Readme
/
usr /
share /
doc /
python2-docs /
html /
library /
Delete
Unzip
Name
Size
Permission
Date
Action
2to3.html
58.11
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
__builtin__.html
10.81
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
__future__.html
14.34
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
__main__.html
7.34
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
_winreg.html
63.12
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
abc.html
25.22
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
aepack.html
13.83
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
aetools.html
16
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
aetypes.html
20.53
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
aifc.html
24.48
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
al.html
18.23
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
allos.html
34.47
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
anydbm.html
17.7
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
archiving.html
9.84
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
argparse.html
257.44
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
array.html
31.11
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
ast.html
37.27
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
asynchat.html
33.13
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
asyncore.html
39.68
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
atexit.html
18.02
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
audioop.html
33.45
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
autogil.html
8.53
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
base64.html
21.35
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
basehttpserver.html
36.56
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
bastion.html
11.52
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
bdb.html
40.42
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
binascii.html
22.46
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
binhex.html
11.04
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
bisect.html
24.09
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
bsddb.html
27.92
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
bz2.html
28.37
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
calendar.html
40.78
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
carbon.html
50.78
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
cd.html
29.33
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
cgi.html
54.61
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
cgihttpserver.html
13.7
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
cgitb.html
11.98
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
chunk.html
15.53
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
cmath.html
27.7
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
cmd.html
28.36
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
code.html
26.33
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
codecs.html
115.49
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
codeop.html
15.53
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
collections.html
144.19
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
colorpicker.html
7.85
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
colorsys.html
11.64
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
commands.html
15.15
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
compileall.html
18.18
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
compiler.html
74.12
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
configparser.html
66.16
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
constants.html
13.65
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
contextlib.html
22.24
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
cookie.html
40.87
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
cookielib.html
88.9
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
copy.html
12.7
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
copy_reg.html
14.35
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
crypt.html
10.4
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
crypto.html
7.58
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
csv.html
74.66
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
ctypes.html
258.37
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
curses.ascii.html
24.29
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
curses.html
163.58
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
curses.panel.html
15.45
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
custominterp.html
7.84
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
datatypes.html
17.59
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
datetime.html
247.5
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
dbhash.html
16.43
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
dbm.html
13.19
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
debug.html
10.45
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
decimal.html
217.1
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
development.html
14.48
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
difflib.html
89.82
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
dircache.html
12.01
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
dis.html
82.18
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
distribution.html
7.5
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
distutils.html
9.91
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
dl.html
17.25
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
doctest.html
181.53
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
docxmlrpcserver.html
17.16
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
dumbdbm.html
15.18
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
dummy_thread.html
9.83
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
dummy_threading.html
8.72
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
easydialogs.html
32.35
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
email-examples.html
46.31
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
email.charset.html
28.73
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
email.encoders.html
12.55
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
email.errors.html
17.53
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
email.generator.html
22.6
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
email.header.html
28.43
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
email.html
54.42
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
email.iterators.html
12.33
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
email.message.html
68.54
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
email.mime.html
30.91
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
email.parser.html
34.32
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
email.utils.html
26.44
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
ensurepip.html
17.9
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
errno.html
39.3
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
exceptions.html
62.2
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
fcntl.html
25.63
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
filecmp.html
23.43
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
fileformats.html
9.43
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
fileinput.html
26.44
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
filesys.html
10.61
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
fl.html
55.2
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
fm.html
12.7
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
fnmatch.html
15.88
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
formatter.html
36.5
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
fpectl.html
16.48
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
fpformat.html
11.19
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
fractions.html
24.3
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
framework.html
36.07
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
frameworks.html
7.37
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
ftplib.html
48.42
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
functions.html
200.82
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
functools.html
28.95
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
future_builtins.html
14.14
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
gc.html
27.76
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
gdbm.html
17.39
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
gensuitemodule.html
12.28
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
getopt.html
24.69
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
getpass.html
11.16
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
gettext.html
82.98
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
gl.html
23.77
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
glob.html
14.09
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
grp.html
11.05
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
gzip.html
20.09
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
hashlib.html
24.87
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
heapq.html
34.07
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
hmac.html
14.04
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
hotshot.html
19.67
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
htmllib.html
27.03
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
htmlparser.html
41.44
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
httplib.html
69.27
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
i18n.html
9.81
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
ic.html
18.22
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
idle.html
41.16
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
imageop.html
15.72
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
imaplib.html
57.14
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
imgfile.html
12.43
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
imghdr.html
11.95
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
imp.html
36.72
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
importlib.html
8.72
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
imputil.html
32.78
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
index.html
77.23
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
inspect.html
55.49
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
internet.html
25.53
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
intro.html
9.13
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
io.html
111.04
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
ipc.html
16.21
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
itertools.html
122.46
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
jpeg.html
13.43
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
json.html
71.95
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
keyword.html
8.02
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
language.html
11.41
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
linecache.html
11.15
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
locale.html
60.13
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
logging.config.html
78.17
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
logging.handlers.html
78.31
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
logging.html
107.67
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
mac.html
22.83
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
macos.html
15.75
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
macosa.html
13.75
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
macostools.html
16.5
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
macpath.html
8.19
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
mailbox.html
167.11
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
mailcap.html
13.8
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
markup.html
19.4
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
marshal.html
19
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
math.html
42.98
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
md5.html
14.77
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
mhlib.html
23.56
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
mimetools.html
20.71
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
mimetypes.html
29.92
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
mimewriter.html
15.7
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
mimify.html
14.92
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
miniaeframe.html
12.8
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
misc.html
7.07
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
mm.html
9.35
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
mmap.html
30.11
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
modulefinder.html
17.67
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
modules.html
8.81
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
msilib.html
56.5
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
msvcrt.html
20.73
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
multifile.html
25.64
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
multiprocessing.html
404.82
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
mutex.html
11.86
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
netdata.html
17.95
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
netrc.html
13.69
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
new.html
12.87
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
nis.html
11.23
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
nntplib.html
44.62
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
numbers.html
39.68
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
numeric.html
13.96
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
operator.html
91.43
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
optparse.html
244.25
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
os.html
234.57
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
os.path.html
42.38
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
ossaudiodev.html
44.53
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
othergui.html
9.18
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
parser.html
41.56
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
pdb.html
37.7
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
persistence.html
15.31
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
pickle.html
107.11
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
pickletools.html
11.21
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
pipes.html
19.22
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
pkgutil.html
26.73
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
platform.html
30.86
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
plistlib.html
17.91
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
popen2.html
26.95
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
poplib.html
23.75
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
posix.html
16.24
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
posixfile.html
20.89
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
pprint.html
31.45
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
profile.html
71.08
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
pty.html
9.96
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
pwd.html
12.1
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
py_compile.html
11.65
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
pyclbr.html
15.44
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
pydoc.html
13.33
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
pyexpat.html
78.99
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
python.html
12.55
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
queue.html
26.23
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
quopri.html
12.44
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
random.html
41.72
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
re.html
152.33
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
readline.html
36.51
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
repr.html
21.27
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
resource.html
27.62
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
restricted.html
12.08
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
rexec.html
39.62
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
rfc822.html
45.32
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
rlcompleter.html
14.12
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
robotparser.html
13.09
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
runpy.html
21.41
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
sched.html
19.41
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
scrolledtext.html
9.5
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
select.html
43.06
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
sets.html
39.21
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
sgi.html
10.13
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
sgmllib.html
33.66
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
sha.html
12.76
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
shelve.html
29.25
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
shlex.html
34.21
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
shutil.html
44.39
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
signal.html
33.23
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
simplehttpserver.html
19.87
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
simplexmlrpcserver.html
36.91
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
site.html
26.26
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
smtpd.html
13.27
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
smtplib.html
45.95
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
sndhdr.html
10.74
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
socket.html
113.69
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
socketserver.html
74.64
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
someos.html
16.09
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
spwd.html
10.9
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
sqlite3.html
146.5
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
ssl.html
197.71
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
stat.html
33.79
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
statvfs.html
11.06
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
stdtypes.html
291.16
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
string.html
117.4
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
stringio.html
19.59
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
stringprep.html
17.31
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
strings.html
15.53
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
struct.html
43.84
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
subprocess.html
107.86
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
sun.html
7.08
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
sunau.html
29.31
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
sunaudio.html
18.79
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
symbol.html
7.95
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
symtable.html
25.26
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
sys.html
108.39
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
sysconfig.html
25.68
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
syslog.html
19.27
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
tabnanny.html
11.13
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
tarfile.html
86.65
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
telnetlib.html
27.13
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
tempfile.html
31.16
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
termios.html
16.9
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
test.html
55.69
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
textwrap.html
29.43
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
thread.html
20.98
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
threading.html
84.62
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
time.html
62.3
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
timeit.html
39.58
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
tix.html
49.4
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
tk.html
25.95
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
tkinter.html
82.34
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
token.html
20.51
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
tokenize.html
20.12
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
trace.html
28
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
traceback.html
39.94
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
ttk.html
105.97
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
tty.html
9.52
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
turtle.html
225.08
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
types.html
29.13
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
undoc.html
24.1
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
unicodedata.html
19.71
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
unittest.html
219.75
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
unix.html
10.96
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
urllib.html
66.67
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
urllib2.html
110.72
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
urlparse.html
42.46
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
user.html
12.41
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
userdict.html
31.32
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
uu.html
11.53
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
uuid.html
29.43
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
warnings.html
49.76
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
wave.html
24.31
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
weakref.html
37.9
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
webbrowser.html
25.94
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
whichdb.html
9.28
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
windows.html
9.59
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
winsound.html
19.99
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
wsgiref.html
86.31
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
xdrlib.html
32.24
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
xml.dom.html
95.58
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
xml.dom.minidom.html
42.22
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
xml.dom.pulldom.html
13.51
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
xml.etree.elementtree.html
109.18
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
xml.html
17.58
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
xml.sax.handler.html
40.9
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
xml.sax.html
22.91
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
xml.sax.reader.html
43.75
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
xml.sax.utils.html
15.71
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
xmlrpclib.html
67.57
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
zipfile.html
60.77
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
zipimport.html
22.24
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
zlib.html
30.5
KB
-rw-r--r--
2019-03-27 12:19
Save
Rename
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>15. Generic Operating System Services — Python 2.7.16 documentation</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/classic.css" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/pygments.css" type="text/css" /> <script type="text/javascript" id="documentation_options" data-url_root="../" src="../_static/documentation_options.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/jquery.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/underscore.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/doctools.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/sidebar.js"></script> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" title="Search within Python 2.7.16 documentation" href="../_static/opensearch.xml"/> <link rel="author" title="About these documents" href="../about.html" /> <link rel="index" title="Index" href="../genindex.html" /> <link rel="search" title="Search" href="../search.html" /> <link rel="copyright" title="Copyright" href="../copyright.html" /> <link rel="next" title="15.1. os — Miscellaneous operating system interfaces" href="os.html" /> <link rel="prev" title="14.4. sha — SHA-1 message digest algorithm" href="sha.html" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="../_static/py.png" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://docs.python.org/2/library/allos.html" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/copybutton.js"></script> </head><body> <div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation"> <h3>Navigation</h3> <ul> <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px"> <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index" accesskey="I">index</a></li> <li class="right" > <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index" >modules</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="os.html" title="15.1. os — Miscellaneous operating system interfaces" accesskey="N">next</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="sha.html" title="14.4. sha — SHA-1 message digest algorithm" accesskey="P">previous</a> |</li> <li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt="" style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li> <li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li> <li> <a href="../index.html">Python 2.7.16 documentation</a> » </li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" accesskey="U">The Python Standard Library</a> »</li> </ul> </div> <div class="document"> <div class="documentwrapper"> <div class="bodywrapper"> <div class="body" role="main"> <div class="section" id="generic-operating-system-services"> <span id="allos"></span><h1>15. Generic Operating System Services<a class="headerlink" href="#generic-operating-system-services" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> <p>The modules described in this chapter provide interfaces to operating system features that are available on (almost) all operating systems, such as files and a clock. The interfaces are generally modeled after the Unix or C interfaces, but they are available on most other systems as well. Here’s an overview:</p> <div class="toctree-wrapper compound"> <ul> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="os.html">15.1. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os</span></code> — Miscellaneous operating system interfaces</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="os.html#process-parameters">15.1.1. Process Parameters</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="os.html#file-object-creation">15.1.2. File Object Creation</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="os.html#file-descriptor-operations">15.1.3. File Descriptor Operations</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="os.html#open-flag-constants">15.1.3.1. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">open()</span></code> flag constants</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="os.html#files-and-directories">15.1.4. Files and Directories</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="os.html#process-management">15.1.5. Process Management</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="os.html#miscellaneous-system-information">15.1.6. Miscellaneous System Information</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="os.html#miscellaneous-functions">15.1.7. Miscellaneous Functions</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="io.html">15.2. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">io</span></code> — Core tools for working with streams</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="io.html#module-interface">15.2.1. Module Interface</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="io.html#i-o-base-classes">15.2.2. I/O Base Classes</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="io.html#raw-file-i-o">15.2.3. Raw File I/O</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="io.html#buffered-streams">15.2.4. Buffered Streams</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="io.html#text-i-o">15.2.5. Text I/O</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="io.html#advanced-topics">15.2.6. Advanced topics</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="io.html#performance">15.2.6.1. Performance</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="io.html#binary-i-o">15.2.6.1.1. Binary I/O</a></li> <li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="io.html#id1">15.2.6.1.2. Text I/O</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="io.html#multi-threading">15.2.6.2. Multi-threading</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="io.html#reentrancy">15.2.6.3. Reentrancy</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="time.html">15.3. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">time</span></code> — Time access and conversions</a></li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html">15.4. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">argparse</span></code> — Parser for command-line options, arguments and sub-commands</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#example">15.4.1. Example</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#creating-a-parser">15.4.1.1. Creating a parser</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#adding-arguments">15.4.1.2. Adding arguments</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#parsing-arguments">15.4.1.3. Parsing arguments</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#argumentparser-objects">15.4.2. ArgumentParser objects</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#prog">15.4.2.1. prog</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#usage">15.4.2.2. usage</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#description">15.4.2.3. description</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#epilog">15.4.2.4. epilog</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#parents">15.4.2.5. parents</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#formatter-class">15.4.2.6. formatter_class</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#prefix-chars">15.4.2.7. prefix_chars</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#fromfile-prefix-chars">15.4.2.8. fromfile_prefix_chars</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#argument-default">15.4.2.9. argument_default</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#conflict-handler">15.4.2.10. conflict_handler</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#add-help">15.4.2.11. add_help</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#the-add-argument-method">15.4.3. The add_argument() method</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#name-or-flags">15.4.3.1. name or flags</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#action">15.4.3.2. action</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#nargs">15.4.3.3. nargs</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#const">15.4.3.4. const</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#default">15.4.3.5. default</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#type">15.4.3.6. type</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#choices">15.4.3.7. choices</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#required">15.4.3.8. required</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#help">15.4.3.9. help</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#metavar">15.4.3.10. metavar</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#dest">15.4.3.11. dest</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#action-classes">15.4.3.12. Action classes</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#the-parse-args-method">15.4.4. The parse_args() method</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#option-value-syntax">15.4.4.1. Option value syntax</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#invalid-arguments">15.4.4.2. Invalid arguments</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#arguments-containing">15.4.4.3. Arguments containing <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-</span></code></a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#argument-abbreviations-prefix-matching">15.4.4.4. Argument abbreviations (prefix matching)</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#beyond-sys-argv">15.4.4.5. Beyond <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.argv</span></code></a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#the-namespace-object">15.4.4.6. The Namespace object</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#other-utilities">15.4.5. Other utilities</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#sub-commands">15.4.5.1. Sub-commands</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#filetype-objects">15.4.5.2. FileType objects</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#argument-groups">15.4.5.3. Argument groups</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#mutual-exclusion">15.4.5.4. Mutual exclusion</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#parser-defaults">15.4.5.5. Parser defaults</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#printing-help">15.4.5.6. Printing help</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#partial-parsing">15.4.5.7. Partial parsing</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#customizing-file-parsing">15.4.5.8. Customizing file parsing</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#exiting-methods">15.4.5.9. Exiting methods</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="argparse.html#upgrading-optparse-code">15.4.6. Upgrading optparse code</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html">15.5. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">optparse</span></code> — Parser for command line options</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#background">15.5.1. Background</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#terminology">15.5.1.1. Terminology</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#what-are-options-for">15.5.1.2. What are options for?</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#what-are-positional-arguments-for">15.5.1.3. What are positional arguments for?</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#tutorial">15.5.2. Tutorial</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#understanding-option-actions">15.5.2.1. Understanding option actions</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#the-store-action">15.5.2.2. The store action</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#handling-boolean-flag-options">15.5.2.3. Handling boolean (flag) options</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#other-actions">15.5.2.4. Other actions</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#default-values">15.5.2.5. Default values</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#generating-help">15.5.2.6. Generating help</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#grouping-options">15.5.2.6.1. Grouping Options</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#printing-a-version-string">15.5.2.7. Printing a version string</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#how-optparse-handles-errors">15.5.2.8. How <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">optparse</span></code> handles errors</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#putting-it-all-together">15.5.2.9. Putting it all together</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#reference-guide">15.5.3. Reference Guide</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#creating-the-parser">15.5.3.1. Creating the parser</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#populating-the-parser">15.5.3.2. Populating the parser</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#defining-options">15.5.3.3. Defining options</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#option-attributes">15.5.3.4. Option attributes</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#standard-option-actions">15.5.3.5. Standard option actions</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#standard-option-types">15.5.3.6. Standard option types</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#parsing-arguments">15.5.3.7. Parsing arguments</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#querying-and-manipulating-your-option-parser">15.5.3.8. Querying and manipulating your option parser</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#conflicts-between-options">15.5.3.9. Conflicts between options</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#cleanup">15.5.3.10. Cleanup</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#other-methods">15.5.3.11. Other methods</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#option-callbacks">15.5.4. Option Callbacks</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#defining-a-callback-option">15.5.4.1. Defining a callback option</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#how-callbacks-are-called">15.5.4.2. How callbacks are called</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#raising-errors-in-a-callback">15.5.4.3. Raising errors in a callback</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#callback-example-1-trivial-callback">15.5.4.4. Callback example 1: trivial callback</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#callback-example-2-check-option-order">15.5.4.5. Callback example 2: check option order</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#callback-example-3-check-option-order-generalized">15.5.4.6. Callback example 3: check option order (generalized)</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#callback-example-4-check-arbitrary-condition">15.5.4.7. Callback example 4: check arbitrary condition</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#callback-example-5-fixed-arguments">15.5.4.8. Callback example 5: fixed arguments</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#callback-example-6-variable-arguments">15.5.4.9. Callback example 6: variable arguments</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#extending-optparse">15.5.5. Extending <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">optparse</span></code></a><ul> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#adding-new-types">15.5.5.1. Adding new types</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="optparse.html#adding-new-actions">15.5.5.2. Adding new actions</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="getopt.html">15.6. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getopt</span></code> — C-style parser for command line options</a></li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.html">15.7. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">logging</span></code> — Logging facility for Python</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.html#logger-objects">15.7.1. Logger Objects</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.html#logging-levels">15.7.2. Logging Levels</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.html#handler-objects">15.7.3. Handler Objects</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.html#formatter-objects">15.7.4. Formatter Objects</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.html#filter-objects">15.7.5. Filter Objects</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.html#logrecord-objects">15.7.6. LogRecord Objects</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.html#logrecord-attributes">15.7.7. LogRecord attributes</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.html#loggeradapter-objects">15.7.8. LoggerAdapter Objects</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.html#thread-safety">15.7.9. Thread Safety</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.html#module-level-functions">15.7.10. Module-Level Functions</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.html#integration-with-the-warnings-module">15.7.11. Integration with the warnings module</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.config.html">15.8. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">logging.config</span></code> — Logging configuration</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.config.html#configuration-functions">15.8.1. Configuration functions</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.config.html#configuration-dictionary-schema">15.8.2. Configuration dictionary schema</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.config.html#dictionary-schema-details">15.8.2.1. Dictionary Schema Details</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.config.html#incremental-configuration">15.8.2.2. Incremental Configuration</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.config.html#object-connections">15.8.2.3. Object connections</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.config.html#user-defined-objects">15.8.2.4. User-defined objects</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.config.html#access-to-external-objects">15.8.2.5. Access to external objects</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.config.html#access-to-internal-objects">15.8.2.6. Access to internal objects</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.config.html#import-resolution-and-custom-importers">15.8.2.7. Import resolution and custom importers</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.config.html#configuration-file-format">15.8.3. Configuration file format</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.handlers.html">15.9. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">logging.handlers</span></code> — Logging handlers</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.handlers.html#streamhandler">15.9.1. StreamHandler</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.handlers.html#filehandler">15.9.2. FileHandler</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.handlers.html#nullhandler">15.9.3. NullHandler</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.handlers.html#watchedfilehandler">15.9.4. WatchedFileHandler</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.handlers.html#rotatingfilehandler">15.9.5. RotatingFileHandler</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.handlers.html#timedrotatingfilehandler">15.9.6. TimedRotatingFileHandler</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.handlers.html#sockethandler">15.9.7. SocketHandler</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.handlers.html#datagramhandler">15.9.8. DatagramHandler</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.handlers.html#sysloghandler">15.9.9. SysLogHandler</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.handlers.html#nteventloghandler">15.9.10. NTEventLogHandler</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.handlers.html#smtphandler">15.9.11. SMTPHandler</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.handlers.html#memoryhandler">15.9.12. MemoryHandler</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="logging.handlers.html#httphandler">15.9.13. HTTPHandler</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="getpass.html">15.10. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getpass</span></code> — Portable password input</a></li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="curses.html">15.11. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">curses</span></code> — Terminal handling for character-cell displays</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="curses.html#functions">15.11.1. Functions</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="curses.html#window-objects">15.11.2. Window Objects</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="curses.html#constants">15.11.3. Constants</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="curses.html#module-curses.textpad">15.12. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">curses.textpad</span></code> — Text input widget for curses programs</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="curses.html#textbox-objects">15.12.1. Textbox objects</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="curses.ascii.html">15.13. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">curses.ascii</span></code> — Utilities for ASCII characters</a></li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="curses.panel.html">15.14. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">curses.panel</span></code> — A panel stack extension for curses</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="curses.panel.html#functions">15.14.1. Functions</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="curses.panel.html#panel-objects">15.14.2. Panel Objects</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="platform.html">15.15. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">platform</span></code> — Access to underlying platform’s identifying data</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="platform.html#cross-platform">15.15.1. Cross Platform</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="platform.html#java-platform">15.15.2. Java Platform</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="platform.html#windows-platform">15.15.3. Windows Platform</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="platform.html#win95-98-specific">15.15.3.1. Win95/98 specific</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="platform.html#mac-os-platform">15.15.4. Mac OS Platform</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="platform.html#unix-platforms">15.15.5. Unix Platforms</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="errno.html">15.16. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">errno</span></code> — Standard errno system symbols</a></li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html">15.17. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ctypes</span></code> — A foreign function library for Python</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html#ctypes-tutorial">15.17.1. ctypes tutorial</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html#loading-dynamic-link-libraries">15.17.1.1. Loading dynamic link libraries</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html#accessing-functions-from-loaded-dlls">15.17.1.2. Accessing functions from loaded dlls</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html#calling-functions">15.17.1.3. Calling functions</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html#fundamental-data-types">15.17.1.4. Fundamental data types</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html#calling-functions-continued">15.17.1.5. Calling functions, continued</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html#calling-functions-with-your-own-custom-data-types">15.17.1.6. Calling functions with your own custom data types</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html#specifying-the-required-argument-types-function-prototypes">15.17.1.7. Specifying the required argument types (function prototypes)</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html#return-types">15.17.1.8. Return types</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html#passing-pointers-or-passing-parameters-by-reference">15.17.1.9. Passing pointers (or: passing parameters by reference)</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html#structures-and-unions">15.17.1.10. Structures and unions</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html#structure-union-alignment-and-byte-order">15.17.1.11. Structure/union alignment and byte order</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html#bit-fields-in-structures-and-unions">15.17.1.12. Bit fields in structures and unions</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html#arrays">15.17.1.13. Arrays</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html#pointers">15.17.1.14. Pointers</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html#type-conversions">15.17.1.15. Type conversions</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html#incomplete-types">15.17.1.16. Incomplete Types</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html#callback-functions">15.17.1.17. Callback functions</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html#accessing-values-exported-from-dlls">15.17.1.18. Accessing values exported from dlls</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html#surprises">15.17.1.19. Surprises</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html#variable-sized-data-types">15.17.1.20. Variable-sized data types</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html#ctypes-reference">15.17.2. ctypes reference</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html#finding-shared-libraries">15.17.2.1. Finding shared libraries</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html#loading-shared-libraries">15.17.2.2. Loading shared libraries</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html#foreign-functions">15.17.2.3. Foreign functions</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html#function-prototypes">15.17.2.4. Function prototypes</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html#utility-functions">15.17.2.5. Utility functions</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html#data-types">15.17.2.6. Data types</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html#ctypes-fundamental-data-types-2">15.17.2.7. Fundamental data types</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html#structured-data-types">15.17.2.8. Structured data types</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ctypes.html#arrays-and-pointers">15.17.2.9. Arrays and pointers</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sphinxsidebar" role="navigation" aria-label="main navigation"> <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper"> <h4>Previous topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="sha.html" title="previous chapter">14.4. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sha</span></code> — SHA-1 message digest algorithm</a></p> <h4>Next topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="os.html" title="next chapter">15.1. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os</span></code> — Miscellaneous operating system interfaces</a></p> <div role="note" aria-label="source link"> <h3>This Page</h3> <ul class="this-page-menu"> <li><a href="../_sources/library/allos.rst.txt" rel="nofollow">Show Source</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="searchbox" style="display: none" role="search"> <h3>Quick search</h3> <div class="searchformwrapper"> <form class="search" action="../search.html" method="get"> <input type="text" name="q" /> <input type="submit" value="Go" /> <input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" /> <input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" /> </form> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript">$('#searchbox').show(0);</script> </div> </div> <div class="clearer"></div> </div> <div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation"> <h3>Navigation</h3> <ul> <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px"> <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index" >index</a></li> <li class="right" > <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index" >modules</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="os.html" title="15.1. os — Miscellaneous operating system interfaces" >next</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="sha.html" title="14.4. sha — SHA-1 message digest algorithm" >previous</a> |</li> <li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt="" style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li> <li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li> <li> <a href="../index.html">Python 2.7.16 documentation</a> » </li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >The Python Standard Library</a> »</li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer"> © <a href="../copyright.html">Copyright</a> 1990-2019, Python Software Foundation. <br /> The Python Software Foundation is a non-profit corporation. <a href="https://www.python.org/psf/donations/">Please donate.</a> <br /> Last updated on Mar 27, 2019. <a href="../bugs.html">Found a bug</a>? <br /> Created using <a href="http://sphinx.pocoo.org/">Sphinx</a> 1.7.6. </div> </body> </html>